Speedometer.



H. H. WELCH.,

SPEEDOMETJER.y APPLICATION FILED OCT. 24 ISI. 1,159,816, lPatnted Nov.9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET lr* r j 6 L@ A+ COLUMBIA FMNOGRAPH CO..WASH|NGTQN.ID. C.

H. H. WELCH.

SPEEDOMETER.

APPLICATION FILED ocr. 24, I9I4.

1 1 59,81 6,. Patented lN 0V. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

MWI/...SMQ

CoLuIIIBIA vLANoaRAPH C0.,WASHINGTON. D. c.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE;

HORACE II. WELCH, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TOSTEWART-WARNER'SPEED- OMETER CORPORATION, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ACORPORATION OF VIRGINIA.

' SPEEDOMETER.

Continuation of application Serial No. 617,810, filed March 30, 1911.

Specification of Letters Patent.

This application led October 24, 1914.

Serial N0. 868,418.

rI`his application is a continuation of my application, Serial No.617,810, filed March 30, 1911, which became abandoned thro-ughoversight.

The purpose of this invention is to provide an improved construction inspeedometers, and it consists in the elements and features ofconstruction shown and described as indicated in the claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a top plan view of a speedometerconstructed in accordance with this invention with the casing thereof insection. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same looking in the directionindicated by the arrow on Fig. l'with the casing in section. Fig. 3 is aface view withthe casing removed and having parts broken away to showthe construction and arrangement of the mechanism'more clearly. Fig. 4is a face view with the casing in place and illustrating how the numbersindicating the speed will appear. Fig. 5 is a detail of thespeed-indicating means.

This invention is designed especially to be used in connection withmotor vehicles and the/like, in which the mechanism is driven by aflexible shaft from one of the vehicle wheels. But it is adapted forindicatingthe speed of rotation of any rotating shaft to which it may beconnected. When applied to indication of the speed of the vehicle, thepower connection has usually been made-s0 that a centrifugal device isdriven thereby which in turn communicates its movement to thespeed-indicating devices of the instrument. And in such instrumentsas-lieretofore commonly constructed, not only is the amount of movementof the indicating de` vice determined by the centrifugal movement, butalso the power `for moving the indicating device is derived vfrom thecentrifugal movement of said centrifugal devices. It is usual foraccurate indicationof speed that thereA should be a graduated membercoperating with a moving member,

and it has been usualin such devices that` one of said cooperatingmembers ispivoted for oscillation. The oscillating member oscillateswidely under the jar of the vehicle when the latter is moving rapidly,while the momentum of the centrifugal weight acting upon the delicateindicating machinery tends to disturbits accuracy ofvaction and to wearyout the frictional parts.

In my'improved speed indicator, the indicating devices are moveddirectly by the vehicle. The centrifugally acting weights do-not furnishpower to move the indicating means, but determine when the indicatingmeans shall be moved by the'power derived from the vehicle. The speedindicating Vmeans are controlled by opposing pressures,

the means for creating which are 'so arranged that when the vehicle, orthe like, on which the speedometer is used is running at a `steady speedthe opposing rpressures will be equal and the devices ,for moving'speedindicating means will be thrown out of operation; but when the speed ofthe vehicle vis increasing or decreasing, one or the other of the4 twoopposing pressures will predominate and. throw'the devices for mov ingthe speed-indicating means into operation in one direction orthe otheryaccording to which isthe predominating pressure.

The balance thus provided is so delicate that the controlling Vweightsare always at practically the same distance from each other, andpreferably at the point of maximum eliiciency, t'. e., forty-tivedegrees. There are thuss'ubstantially no inaccuracies due to frictionand wear, and I amiable to use a figured disk indicator which is freefrom vibration and definite in indication.

Otherobjects and their resultant advantages will be understood 'fromthefollowing description by reference to the drawings.

Structurally, Ymy invention comprises an outercasing, 1, a glassface-plate,'2, a vthin Patented Nov. 9, 1915.

opaque disk, 3, arranged ldirectly behind' the glass, 2, and providedwith ay suitable..

The framework which 'supportsthe'sew Y.

eral-parts ofthe speedometer kproper comprises front and rear plates, 5and 6, respectively, held at a suitable distance apart by upper,intermediate and lower cross-pieces, 7, S and 9, respectively.

The main power shaft of the speedometer is indicated at 10, and, as mestclearly shown in Figs. 2 and 3, extends vertically between theintermediate and lower cross-pieces, 8 and 9, respectively. and isrotatably mounted in openings. 9fand 10a, forming the bearings of said s.aft therein. rllhe lower end of. the power shaft. 10, below the lowercross piece, 9, is reduced in diameter and extends through the outercasing, 1, to provide for the attachment thereto of one end of aflexible shaft, A., by means of which rotary motion is transmitted tothe power shaft, 10, from one of the carrying wheels of the vehicle uponwhich the instrument is mounted. The upper end of the power shaft, 10,also extends a short distance above the intermediate crosspiece, S, andis turned to form an eccentric, 12, for a purpose to be hereinafterreferred to. About midway between the cross-pieces, S and 9, the powershaft, 10. has fixed therev to a stub-shaft, 13, upon which arepivctally mounted governors, 14 and 15, which control the opera tion ofmy speedometer in a manner to be hereinafter described. Passing throrgha longitudinal slot in the power shaft and extending at right anglestoits axis and at right angles also to the line of the stub-shaft, 13.there is asmall rod, 17, forming a cross-bar of said shaft, 10. To oneend of this cross-bar, one end of the governor, 14., is connectedpivotally by means of short lugs. 18, projecting rigidly from said endcf said governor member, 14. Upon the opposite end of said cross har,the knifeedge end of a lug, 19, attached to the end of the othergovernor bears at a. point corresprnding in distance from the axis ofthe shaft, 10, to that of the pivotal connectionv of the lug, 18, to theopposite end of said cross-bar, 17. By these connectionsv of thegovernors, 141: and 15, the cross-bar, 17is adapted to be raised andlowered along the axis of the power-shaft, 10, by the centrifugalmovement cf the governors, 1li and 15, derived from the rotary movementrof the power-shaft. 10. and determined in'extent by the velocity ofthat rotary movement.

Arsmall push rod, 20. having its ends pointed is placed in an axial boreformed in the power shaft. 10. and its lower end is stepped in adepression, 17, formed in the upper side of the cross-liar. 17, whileits upper `end extends a short distance above the eccentric,-12and isstepped in a depression, 22, formed in the under-side of a horizontallever. E21, which is attached to a shaft, QQ, which is loosely mountedon the front and rear plates. 5 and G, respectively, of the framework.'The innerer freeend of the lever, 21, extends slightly past the centerof the power shaft, 10, and has pivoted to it the upper end of a link,Q3, the lower end of which is pivotally connected to a double pawl, 24C,having oppositely presented ratchet engaging points, 2li, 24:. |Thepawl, 24, is pivotally mounted upon the downwardly-extending arm, 25, ofa sleeve, 26, whichis loosely mounted on a transverse shaft, 27, carriedby the front and rear plates, 5 and 6, respectively, and free to turn inits bearings. Pivoted to the intermediate cross-piece, 8, near the frontplate, 5, is the outer end of an arm, 12a, the inner end of which isfoi-hed and adapted to straddle the eccentric, 12, thereby causing thearm, 12a, to swing on its pivot whenever the eccentric is in motion. Alinl-, 29, connected at one end to the arm, 12,y and at the other end tothe downwardly-extending arm, 25, of the sleeve, 2G, will cause saidarm, 25, and consequently the double pawl, 2li, to oscillate.Right-and-left hand ratchet wheels, 2S and 28a, respectively are fixedto the shaft, 27, above the pawl, 2st, and in position to be engaged bythe-points, 2li-a and 24h, respectively of the pawl .in the manner to behereinafter described, 'said ratchet wheels constituting alternativemeans by which the mechanism for controllingvthe speed-indicatingdevices` is operated.y rllhere is also xed to the shaft, Q7, a smallpinion, 30, which engages a rack, 31, formed cn the under side of asliding bar, 32, whichbar is guided in its movement by means of acollar, formed on the shaft, 27, and working in a groove, 34, formed onthe under side of the bar, The bar is further supported by a bracket,35, secured to the rear plate, G, of the framework.

`Pivotally secured to the front side of the sliding bar, 32, is one endof the lever, 36, the other end of saidlever, as most clearly seen inFig. 3, is flattened and bent downward as seen at 37, and is adapted toContact the upper side of the lever, 21, and to slide back and forththere-along with the move` ment of the sliding bar, 32. y

Loosely mounted on thefront and rear plates, 5 and G. respectively ofthe frame work above the shaft, 22, are the ends of a similar shaft, 38,and to said shaft, 3S. there is fixed theend of a horisontally-extendingarm or lever, 39. yTo the other end of .said

arm, 39.there is fixed a shoe, ,10, having a comparatively,sharp flatlower end adapted Y "5' to engaraethe upper side of the ,lever` 36.

Screwed into the upper cross-piece. 7, above pose of this coiled springis to exert down-l ward pressure on the lever, 21, through the shoe,40,4 andlever. .36, to eoualize and overcomethe upward thrust of the,lever, 21, de-

11a-repre rived from the governors, i4 and 15, through Y the rod, 17,and shaft, r20, for the purposes and in the manner to be presentlydescribed. The speed-indicating means which I 'prefl erably-employ are`most clearly illustrated in Fig. 5 of the drawings, and comprise a pairof dials, a units dial, 43, xed tothe shaft, 27, and a tens dia'l,44,fixed to the shaft, 45, loosely7 mounted in the frontfand rear plates, 5`and I6, respectively. Each 'ofthe dials, -43 and ,'44, is numbered fromzero -to nine. Fixed to the shafts, 27 and 45, immediately behind theirrespective dials, are wheels, 46 and 4i', respectively, each having tenteeth or points. Also fixed to the fshaft, 27, and turning with thewheel, 46, is va finger, r48, which extends outwardly toward the Wheel,47, and is adaptedl to engage the rpoints of the wheel, 47 whichengagement will obviously occur once every time the units dial, 43,makes a complete revolution. This will move the tens dial, 44, one pointforward or backward, depending 'on 1the direction which the units wheelis turning. The numbers'on the dials being directly' opposite, willindicate the number of miles per hour being traveled by the vehicle, andmay be quickly and accurately read through` the opening, `4, in thedisk, 3. v The operation 'of the structure above described isas follows:The positions in which the several Aparts of my invention appear inFigs. l, 2 and 3,-are1tho-se in which the parts will be when 1themachine is running at a certain speed, in this instance, ten `miles perhour. All of the parts remain stationary except the power shaft. 10,governors, 14 and 15, and pawl, 24; andthe pawl is caused to operateback and forth by the eccentric, 12, and its arm, 12, and the link, 29,wheneverthe power shaft, 10, is rotating; but the points,.24fl and 24h,of the pawl will be out of engagement with the teeth of the `ratchetwheels. 28 and 2S?. respectively, except when the velocity 'of :thepower shaft, 10, isincreasing or decreasing. It may be stated iere 'thatto set the kmechanism of fmyspe'edoin'eterso that the parts will assumethe .position in 'which they -are shown in Figs. 2 and 3, 'whenever thevehicle is running at an even speed, no lmatter what that speed'may be,it is simply necessary 4to rotate thepower shaft, 10, at a given speedand to adjust the tension of the coil spring, 42, by means vof thescrew, 41, so that the downwardpressure 24a and 24", of the pa-wl, 24,

of said spring, 42.V on thelever. 21, through the shoe, 40, and lever,36, will be equal to.

' t thatflthe vehiclevis ruiming ata speed of ten miles per hour 'andits 'speed increases. The

increase inthe speed of the vehicle willcause eccentric, 12, through itsarm, 12?, and the 5;

link, 29, the ratchet wheel, 28, will be turned to the right as "seenfrom the front, z'. e, in

the direction ofV v'the hands of a clock. said ratchet wheel, 2S, is`keyed to the shaft, 27, said shaft will also be tuinedto the right,which in turn will advance the units dial, 43, to the right, togetherwith its pointed wheel,

AsA`

46, and finger, 48. The pinion, 30, willalso f rotate to the right, andsince said pinion is in mesh withthe rack, 31, of the sliding'bar,

32, 4said sliding vbar will Vbe caused to slide toV the right, drawingthe lever, 86 with it, f thereby moving its end, 37, nearer the shaft,

20, and at the same time'bringing said end, 37. of the lever, 36, nearerthe shoe, 40. It will -beunderstood that as long as the speed ofthepower shaft, 10, is increasing, there will be an increase of the upwardthrust of the lever, 21, through the shaft, 20, from the governors, 14and 15; also the downward pressure on "the lever, 12, from the spring,

42, through the shoe, 40. and lever. 36, will become greater as thesliding bar, 32, moves to fthe' right, whereby the forces applied at thepoints, and 37, are moved farther from the fiilcrums 'of vthe levers, 36and 21, respectively. This causes the force exerted at v40 to'betransferred to the shaft or push rods, 20, in proportion to the squareof the distance traversedby the lever, 36. It will be observed vthat theshort arms of the two levers should'be substantially equal, and thatthey will so remain whatever the relative positions of the levers. Thenthe speed of the power shaft, 10, becomes constant and the upwardthruston the lever, 36, from the governors, 14 and 15, through the rod,17, and shaft, 20, 'becomes constant. and as soon as -the longitudinalmovement of the lever,

36, caused by the pawlv and ratchet vdevice and the pinion. 80, engagingwith the rack bar, and shifting the points of bearing of the `point,l37, and shoe,-40, causes said upward thrust to be counter-balanced bvthe downward pressure of the coil spring, 42, on i' said lever, 21,throughthe lever, 36, and shoe,V 40. the lever.'21, will return to ahori- Zonta-l position. When this occurs the link. 23, will tilt thepawl, 24, and move the point,

24h Out ,of engagement with the ratchet fg,

wheel, 28, stopping the rotationvof the shaft, 2T. As soon as the speedof the vehicle or power shaft, l0, decreases, the upward thrust of thegovernors decreases in power sufficiently to allow the downward pressureof the spring, lf2, to overcome said upwardv thrust, and the point, 3T,of the lever, 36, will then move the inner end of the lever, 2l, downbelow a horizontal position, whereupon, the linlr, L3; will tilt thepawl, 24, to cause its point, 2th,'to engage the teeth of the left-handratchet wheel, 28a. This will canse the shaft, 27, to be rotated to theleft, e., oppositelj.'v to the direction of rotation oi the hands of aclock, causing the units dial J3, with its pointed wheel, d6, and linn'S, to turn in the saine direction. he pinion. 30, rotating to the leftwith the shaft, 2T, will cause the sliding bar, 32, with the lever, 35,to move to the left, thereby decreasing the operatingin favor of the.lever, 36, for resisting the upward movement of the lever, 2l, inaccordance with the ilecreasina: upward thrust thereon from thegovernors. i and l5, so that when the power 1 't 1G, attains uniformlysteady speed and the upward thrust on the lever` 2l, be-

comes constant, said upward thrust will .be counteribalanced by thedownward `pressure exerted said lever, 36, by the spring, 42, andaforesaid levern 2l, will again assume a horizontal position, whereuponthe link. will again tilt the pawl, 2&1-, to discn'rage point-.24"..from the teeth of the tion of the shaft, 27, and themovenient of allthe parts controlled thereby.

From the foregoing it will be seen that as long as the speed of thevehicle, and consequently that of the power shaft, 10, is steady, theupward thrust on the lever, 21, from the governors, 14 and l5, and thedownward pressure thereon from the spring, 4t2, will be equal. and thelever, 21, will oc cun a horizontal position, and the pawl, 214e, willhave no effect on the ratchetY wheels, 28 and 28 g but when the speed isincreasing the upward thrust increases toy overcome the downwardpressure and the speed-indicating means are thrown into operation; andat the same time the downward pressure is in creasing so that just assoon as the speed becomes steady, said downward pressure willcounter-balance the upward` thrust and throw the speed-indicating meansout of operation; also when the speed decreases and the downwardpressure overcomes the upward thrust and again throws thevspeedindicating means into operation, butin thereverse direction fromthat in which they operate when the speed is increasing, said downwardpressure is decreased by the shifting of the posit-ion of the lever, 86,and be comes counteibalanced by the upward thrust just as soon as thespeed of the power shaft 10, again becomes steady, whereupon the lever,21, rwill return to horizontal position and the speed-indicating meanswill be thrown out of operation.

It may be observed. as a further explanarevolve. As this forceincreases, it is exerted o against the constantly increasing purchase y,of the levers, 2i and o2, and a condition of balance may always beattained as abovedescribed, because of the fact that moment of theresultant force exerted by the lever, 2l, upon the thrust rod, 20, isproportional to the product of the moments of 2l and 36, or to thesquare of one of the moment arms, since the two arms are always equal.the operation of the device accelerating or diminishing the speed is ineffect weighed. as an increasing or a decreasing load against.

corresponding increasing or decreasing leverage. r'he mechanism actsconstantly to indicate these changes, and only ceases its action when asteady speed corresponding'to a condition of equilibrium. is maintained.

l,"Vhile l have shown and described myinvention in the preferred form,it will be understood that various changes may be niade in theconstruction of its several parts without departing from thel spiritthereof, and no limitation is implied by reason ofthe particularstructure shown.

I claim:

l. In a speedometer in combination with speed-indicating means andactuating devices therefor, comprising a shaft adapted to be driven by ashaft whose speed .is to be indicated, andfcomprising alternativeconnections for actuating the speed-indicating mechanism in oppositedirect-ions; controlling mechanisms for engaging and disengag ing saidalternative connections; and means actuated by said first mentionedshaft operating on the controlling mechanism for effecting suchdisengagement when said shaft is' rotated Vat a constant speed.

2. in a speedometer in combination with speed-indicating means andactuating devices therefor, comprising a power shaft and alternativeconnections for. actuating said speed-indicating means in oppositedirections;` controlling mechanism for engaging and disengaging saidalternative connections, and means actuated by said power shaft foreffecting such disengagement when in `one direction, and speed-respensgivej dev- 3. In a speedometer. in combination withspeedsindicating means and actuating de# i vices therefor, comprising apoiver shaft and alternative connections for actuating saidspeed-indicating means in opposite directions controlling mechanism forengaging and disengaging said alternative connections; means forimposing continuous pres-V sure on saidcontrolling mechanisml tending tomove it in direction for) effect-ingone ot' said alternative engagementsmeans oper ated by the poiverv shaft for pre-s,- sure tending to movesaidinechanismA in direction for causing they opposite alternativeVengagement, and means actuated. with said rSt, mentioned, @Gelatinedevises f @ff satelieing said pressures. Y

l. In a speedometer in combination With speed-indicating means andactiiatingfdeivices therefor, comprising a 'power "shaft Mld alternative@essaim ter" angustias Said Speed-indicating ineens een. .l direct-ism;Controlling meshaniSm tel- 6.1.1,- sasins' and diSehsasiIig Seidtsrnatvs Connect-iene Comprising levers/aad movable fulcrums forthelevers",l a spring which iinposes continuous pressure Vupon saidlever mechanism, tending 'to shift said engagement in one direction;centrifugal devices ope atedby the 'ponieijshaft'g connections there;

from operating to Yshift said lever mecha-A nism in the oppositeAdirection; means aetli: ated by AY'said alternative engagement forshifting the lever fulcrunis'in opposite cating means and actuatingdevices there'- Y tor, comprising a .paivl and ratchet adapted fortransmitting motion in either of two opposite directions, and automaticmeans for throwing said paivl-andsratchet devicesr out of operation'comprising mechanism vwhich derives its movement from acceleration ofthe Shaft WhQS@ SPeeflS'tQ beTiCi-f i said paWl-and-ratchctdevicein theother cated.

for, comprising a paivl-and-ratchet device adapted for transmittingmotion to said speed indicating means in either of tivo op- 6.Aspeedometer comprising' speed indieating means and actuating devicesthere# I 7, A.` Speedem'str @OmerSine Speed ill-F111 eating, meansandactuating mechanism theretor, comprising a paWl-and-ratchet flevicevadapted for transmitting motion inV eitlierot' two opposite directions;mechanism Vfoi: controlling the paiv'land-ratchet device, and means iorcreatingopposing pressures on said controlling mechanismto throw saidpaul-and-ratchet Ydevice "into and out oglf operation.' 'i

8. In a speedometer, the combination With speed indicating means, ofcoifitrolv-mecliai-A nisni therefor, alternative means for moving saidcontrolfmechanism in either direction, means adapted' to be *driven by avehicle Wheel for operating said alternative means, anda leveradjustably tulcrumed and mov: ing in relation to said control'mechanismforA placing the same out of operative action with said alternativemeans ivl'ienipropelled/ at uniform speed. i

9. I'n'asp'eedmeter, a driving shaft or spindle, a* push. rod movablycarredby saidv spindleI a centrifugal balance en the spindle including.means to'actuate'the push rod; speed indicating means;y means formoving. the same; a disengageable"devicewactuated b'ytliel spindle` andalternatively engageable With said last-named means to `move the' sainetheright or tothe left, and mechanism controlled by the push rod foropera- 'tively engaging said alternatively engagegaging said deviceinthe otherdirection.YV

lOf` In a'speedometer, va driving shatter spindle, ay push rod axiallyymounted and longitudinally slidable in the spindle, a centif'ifiigalbalance on the spindleV including means to actuate the push rodtspeedindi: eating meansirotatable means for moving said` speed indicatingmeans, an alternaf tively engageable paivl-andratchet device forniQvingsaid-means to theright or to the left; means'driven lby thespindle for givingv reciprocatingmotion to saidfdevice; mechanismcontrolled by the push rod for,

operatively engaging said Ypaivl-and-ratchet Y device'in one direction,and mechanism controlled by ythemeans'for moving the speediis indicatingmeans for operatively engaging izo be given to the control mechanismbythe `driviiig Amember; a centrifugal governor-' Y mounted onthedriving spindle; means in:

cludiiig a lever pivoted at one end andmovfable by said governor toswing'sa dl Se' te" dires@ seis 'alternative 'dans operating the controlmechanism; a lever provided with a stationary fulcrum piv=l oted at oneend to said slidable member and having its other end adapted to slide onthe last-named lever.

12. ln a speedometer; a revoluble driving spindle; control mechanism; adevice by which the control mechanism may be actuated by the drivingmember; a centrifugal governor rotated by the driving spindle; abalancing apparatus; means impelled by said centrifugal governor andoperating on said balancing apparatus to cause said device to operatethe control mechanism, said balancing apparatus being interposed betweenthe last-mentioned. means and the control mechanism; whereby themovement of the latter is directly proportioned to the speed of thecentrifugal governor.

13. En a speedometer, a revoluble drivin spindle, control mechanism, adevice by which the control mechanism may be actuated by the drivingmember; a centrifugal governor mounted on the driving spindle androtated thereby; a balancing apparatus; means impelled by saidcentrifugal governor and loperating on said balancing apparatus to causesaid device to operate the control mechanism;` said balancing apparatusbeing interposed between the last mentioned means and the controlmechanism, whereby the movement of the latter is directly proportionalto the speed of the centrifugal governor.

la. ln a speedometer, the combination of a revoluble spindle, acentrifugalI governor mounted on the spindle; a plurality of leversarranged above said governor, and means for exerting a pressure thereonfor creating an opposing force adapted to coun ter-balance thecentrifugal force exerted by said governor when at a predeterminedrdistance from the center of the spindle; speed indicating means; apawl-and-ratchet de vice, and lmeans driven by the spindle and connectedto said pawl-and-ratchet device for operating said speed yindicatingmeans in accordance with the preponderance ofV said opposed forces.

15. In a speedometer, a driving spindle, centrifugal devices forproducing a thrust in relation to the speed of the driving spindle; alever pivoted at one end to a fixed support; means impelled by saiddevices and adapted to impart the said thrust to the other end of saidlever; a movable support; a second lever having one end pivoted to saidmovable support and whose other end is adapted to slide upon thefirst-mentioned lever; a stationary spring adapted to bear upon thesecond lever at a point whose distance from the pivot of the secondlever is always equal to the distance from `the point of Contact of thetwo levers to the point of the irst-mentioned lever; means for movingthe second lever and its support to a position of equilibrium betweenthe said thrust and the pressure exerted by the spring upon the secondlever; speed-indicating means7 and a pawl-and-ratchet device foroperating moved by a moving vehicle and independent means forcontrolling said elements vrelatively to the-speed of said vehicle,.theconibination vtherewith of speed indicating;

means comprising a plurality of numbered disks and rmeans for relativelymoving said disks to indicate consecutive numbers.

18. A speedometer comprising speed indicating-means, alternativelyoperating means for moving said speed indicating means in eitherdirection; means connecting said lever to the last-mentionedmeans;centrifugally controlledmeans for exerting an upward thrust on'saidlever, and :means arranged above said lever for exerting theupwardthrust and downward pressure on said lever so arranged that when thespeed of the power shaft is steady said upward thrus willbecounterbalanced by the downward pressure, and the lever will be heldin its normal position lwith the first-inetnioned means out of operativeaction with the speed-indicating means; but when the speed of the powershaft is on the increase said upward thrust will` overcome the downwardpressure and swing the lever above its nornormal position with thefirst-mentioned means into operative action with the speed indicatingmeans to vmove the same.

19,. A. speedometer comprising speed-indi eating means, alternativelyoperated means for moving said means in either direction; a lever; meansconnecting said lever to said last-mentioned means; a main power shaft;governors pivoted to said power shaft; means for connecting saidgovernors and the aforesaid lever to transmit the thrust of thcgovernors caused by the rotation ofthe power shaft to said leverso as toshift the saine to throw the aforesaid last-mentioned means intooperation to move the speed-indicating means forward, and means arrangedlon the other side of said lever fory exerting "an opposing pressurethereon to counterbalance said thrust when the speed of amaai@ the powershaft becomes steady so as to return the lever to its normal positionand throw said last-mentioned means out of forward operation and toovercome said thrust when the speed of the power' shaft isvon thedecrease to move the lever below its normal position and throw saidlast-mentioned means into operation to move the speed indicating meansbackward. Y

20. A speedometer comprising speed indicating means, alternativelyoperated means for moving said speed indicating means in eitherdirection; a lever; a link connecting said lever to said last-mentionedmeans; a main power shaft; governors pivoted to said power shaft; across bar supported by said governors and movably mounted on the powershaft; a push rod connecting said cross bar to the aforesaid lever totransmit the upward thrust of the governors caused by the rotation ofthe power shaft to said lever to raise the same and throw theaforesaidalternatively operated means into forward operation, and spring-pressedmeans arranged above saidrlever to exert a downward pressure thereon tocounterbalance the upward thrust when the speed of the power shaftbecomes constant, and to overcome said upward thrust when the speed ofthe power shaft decreases so as to throw said alternatively operatedmeans out of forward and into backward operation, to move thespeeddndicating means forward and backward, respectively.

21. A speedometer comprising speed indicating means, alternativelyoperated means for moving said speed indicating means in,

either direction; a lever and link for controlling said last-mentionedmeans; a power shaft; means operated by said power shaft and connectedwith said alternatively operated means for causing the same to oscillateback and forth continually as long as the power shaft is in motion, andmeans for creating opposing pressures on said device to throw theaforesaid last mentioned means into and out of operative action with thespeed-indicating means.

A speedometer comprising speed indi- Y cating means, a vertical powershaft, a transverse shaft arranged above said power shaft,

means carried by said ,transverse power shaft for turning the same ineither direction, a horizontally extending pivoted lever for controllingsaid last-mentioned means; means carried by said power shaft forexerting an upward thrust on said lever, and means arranged above saidlever for exerting a downward pressure thereon, said latter meanscomprising a sliding rack, a lever pivoted at one end of said rack andhaving its other end bearing on the aforesaid horizontally extendinglever, a pivoted arm, a shoe fixed to said arm and having its lower endin contact with the last-mentioned lever, and a spring bearing down onsaid shoe and means for adjusting the tension, of said spring,'a rackformed on the under side of thesliding bai-,and a pinion fixed to theaforesaid transverse shaft to engage said rack. e

23. A speedometer comprising speed indicating means, alternativelyoperated means for moving said speed indica ting means in eitherdirection, a lever and a link for controlling said lastmentioned means,a power shaft, means carried thereby for exerting an upward thrust onsaid lever, said means being such that when the speed ofthe power shaftis steady the upward thrust will be uniform, and when the speed of thepower shaft increases or decreases, said upward thrust increases anddecreases respectively, means arranged above the aforesaid lever forexerting a downward pressure thereon, said means comprising a leverbearing on said first-mentioned lever, a shoe bearing on the saidlast-mentioned lever and a spring bearing down on said shoe, and asliding rackv for moving said last-mentioned lever :forward when theupward thrust increases to increase the downward pressure accordingly,and backward when the upward thrust decreases to decrease the downwardpressure accordingly, substantially as described.

24. In a speedometer, the combination of a revoluble spindle, acentrifugal governor provided with weights and mounted on the spindle,automatic means for creating a force adapted to counterbalance thecentrifugal force `exerted by the weights on said governor and hold thesame at a substantially constant distance therefrom, a speed indicatingdevice, and means for operating said device in relation vto the forceexerted by said governor.

25. In a speedometer, the combination of a revoluble spindle, acentrifugal governor operated by said spindle and provided with weights;means for determining the centrifugal force exerted `rby said weightswhen. revolving in a circle of fixed diameter speed indicating means andmeans for operating said speed indicating means in relation to theabove-mentioned determined centrifugal force. t A p Y 26. In aspeedometer, the combination of a revoluble spindle, a governor providedwith weights mounted on said spindle at a predetermined distancetherefrom and adapted to be extended beyond said predetermined distanceby centrifugal force when the spindle is operated at increasing speed;means for creating a force to overcome the centrifugal force of saidweights and return the same to or within said predetermined distancewhensaid spindle is rotated at decreasing speed., said last-named meansand the outward thrust being in equilibrium to hold said Weights at saidpredetermined distance when the spindle is rotated et `Constant speed; aspeed indicating device and means for operating the same in relation tothe said opposing forcesn In testimony whereof, I have hereuntoset myhand at Chicago, Iliinois, this 15th day of October, 1914.

l H. H. VELCH.

itnesses z LUCY I. STONE, EDNA M. MACNTOSH.

Copies 0f this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Eatents, Washington, D. C.

